Hashimoto thyroiditis increases risk of which thyroid-associated malignancy?

Hashimoto thyroiditis increases risk of which thyroid-associated malignancy?

• A. Papillary thyroid carcinoma
• B. Hodgkin lymphoma
• C. Non-Hodgkin lymphoma
• D. Anaplastic thyroid carcinoma

Answer: (C)

Hashimoto thyroiditis creates a chronic lymphoid environment in the thyroid, with persistent B-cell activation and formation of ectopic lymphoid tissue. Over time, this milieu can lead to clonal evolution and malignant transformation of B cells into an extranodal marginal zone B-cell lymphoma, a type of non-Hodgkin lymphoma that arises in the thyroid. Therefore, this condition is most strongly associated with non-Hodgkin lymphoma. While papillary thyroid carcinoma is the most common thyroid cancer overall, its link to Hashimoto is not as specific or strong as the association with NHL, and Hodgkin lymphoma or anaplastic carcinoma are not notably tied to Hashimoto.

Hashimoto thyroiditis creates a chronic lymphoid environment in the thyroid, with persistent B-cell activation and formation of ectopic lymphoid tissue. Over time, this milieu can lead to clonal evolution and malignant transformation of B cells into an extranodal marginal zone B-cell lymphoma, a type of non-Hodgkin lymphoma that arises in the thyroid. Therefore, this condition is most strongly associated with non-Hodgkin lymphoma. While papillary thyroid carcinoma is the most common thyroid cancer overall, its link to Hashimoto is not as specific or strong as the association with NHL, and Hodgkin lymphoma or anaplastic carcinoma are not notably tied to Hashimoto.